> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://python.microcisco.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://python.microcisco.com/python-inststitute-pcap/python-essentials-part-1/module-2/literals/section-summary.md).

# Section Summary

## Key Takeaways

* Literals are notations for representing some fixed value in code. Python has various types of literals:
  * a literal can be a number (numeric numbers e.g.`123`)
  * or a string (string literals e.g. "I am a literal")
* The binary system is a system that uses 2 as the base and is made up of 0's and 1's
* The octal system is a system that uses 8 as the base
* The hexadecimal system uses 16 as the base and uses the decimal numbers and A-F letters
* Integers are whole positive or negative numbers
* Floats or Floating Point are numbers that contain a fracrional componenet (e.g. `1.27`)
* To encode an apostrophe or quote inside a string you can either use the escape character eg `'I\'m happy.'` or open and close the string using an **opposite** set of symbols (double quote) to the ones you which to encode eg `"I'm happy"` to encode an apostrophe, and a single quote to encode a double quote eg. `'He said "Python", not "Typhoon" '`
* Boolean values are either **True** or **False**  and represented by `1` and `0` respectively
* There is another type of literal: the **`None`** literal and is used to represent the **absence of a value**

### Exercise

**Exercise 1**

What types of literals are the following two examples? `"Hello ", "007"` They are both strings/string literals

#### Exercise 2

What types of literals are the following four examples? `"1.5", 2.0, 528, False` They are string, floating-point, integer and Boolean literals

**Exercise 3**

What is the decimal value of the following binary number? `1011` - The answer id 11\
8  4  2  1\
1  0  1  1 ------- Add up 8+2+1 = 11